Introduction to high-security glazing

Security glazing describes a glass product that has been tested for its ability to remain intact against a various range of security threats, low to high, including forced entry, bullets, or explosive blasts and sometimes on a set time period.   Security glazing is typically made up of two or more layers of glass laminated around one or more interlayer films or polycarbonate solutions. The thickness of the security glazing is determined by the levels of protection required. The toughest security glass can withstand the impact of a blast equivalent to 100kg TNT without splintering.  

In the realm of building security, the concept of a comprehensive security system is paramount, and security glazing stands out as a fundamental component in this holistic approach. 

A high-security glazing system encompasses a combination of elements that work synergistically to create a robust defense against various threats. This system typically includes high-security glass, framing, anchors, and other related components. The emphasis is on integration – ensuring that all components collaborate seamlessly to provide maximum uncompromised protection. 

While individual components may exhibit impressive resistance capabilities when tested independently, the true measure of a high-security glazing system lies in its ability to function cohesively. Building occupants' safety hinges on the collective performance of these components as a unified whole. Security glazing acts as a linchpin, connecting disparate elements into a unified defense against potential threats. 

High-security glazing is used in a variety of applications where enhanced protection against threats such as forced entry, ballistic attacks, blasts, and other security risks is essential. Here are some common areas where high-security glazing finds extensive use: 

Government Buildings: 

• Federal and state government offices. 

• Military installations. 

• Embassies and consulates. 

Financial Institutions: 

• Banks and financial institutions often use high-security glazing to protect against forced entry and robbery attempts. 

Critical Infrastructure: 

• Power plants. 

• Water treatment facilities. 

• Telecommunication centers. 

Correctional Facilities: 

• Prisons and detention centers use high-security glazing to prevent unauthorized access 

• Besides administrative areas, high-security glazing can be used in cells and other critical  

Commercial Buildings: 

• High-security glazing may be employed in certain areas of corporate headquarters, especially those housing sensitive information or high-profile executives. 

Retail Spaces: 

• High-end retailers may utilize security glazing to protect valuable merchandise, and to enhance the overall security of the store. 

Airports and Transportation Hubs: 

• Airport terminals and transportation centers may incorporate high-security glazing to protect against potential threats. 

Educational Institutions: 

• Some schools and universities may install high-security glazing to enhance the safety of students and staff. 

Healthcare Facilities: 

• Hospitals and other healthcare facilities may use high-security glazing in areas requiring extra protection, such as emergency rooms or pharmacies. 

Residential Applications: 

• High-security glazing is becoming more popular in high-end residential properties, providing an additional layer of protection for homeowners. 

Museums and Galleries: 

• Institutions housing valuable art collections may utilize high-security glazing to protect against theft and vandalism. 

In essence, high-security glazing is employed in any environment where the safety and security of occupants, assets, or sensitive information are of paramount importance. The specific requirements vary depending on the perceived threats and the level of security needed for each application. 

There are several distinct types of high-security glazing available to building owners. These include burglar-resistant glass, bullet-resistant glass, and blast-resistant glass. These glass products can be combined with other performance features, including fire-rated features, and many other comfort, thermal efficiency and design features for a truly multifunctional product.  

European standard EN 356 sets the requirements for glass’ resistance to manual attack, such as might occur during forced entry. This standard also establishes a classification system that makes clear the level of protection offered by different types of glass.  

Glass classified to the lowest levels of attack-resistance, P1A up to P5A, can withstand an attack simulating vandalism (a non-premeditated action) and resist repeated impacts symbolized by steel balls drops. Glass classified to the highest levels, P6B up to P8B, is able to withstand greater force and repeated attacks with use of minimum 12 blows from a hydraulic hammer and 19 blows by an axe head (a premeditated action with tools). Glass in classes P6B to P8B are considered to offer the most effective protection against forced entry, but not really efficient against the use of heavy tools.  

Important note: the EN 356 compares attack resistance but without consideration of duration of time (only impacts resistance). 

Bullet-resistant glass is tested to European standard EN 1063 for its resistance to withstand the impact of ammunition fired from handguns, rifles, or shotguns. Glass within classes BR1 to BR7 are tested for their ability to withstand fire from a rifle or handgun. Glass within classes SG1 and SG2 are tested for their ability to withstand fire from a shotgun.  

Glass within Class SG1 is tested by withstanding one shot fired at the centre of the glass. All other products are shot with three controlled shots fired in a 120mm triangle.  

Bullet-resistant glass must be labelled to identify the attack side, as well as whether it is a spall (S) or no-spall (NS) product. To be classified as bullet-resistant glass, the glass must remain within its frame. In some cases, there may be splintering on the occupant-facing side of the glass. These splinters, or spall, can potentially impact a person on the safe side of the glass.